Alternating-current motor and controlling device therefor.



v. I. GRAY. ALTEBNATING CURRENT MOTOR AND CONTROLLING DEVICE THEREFOR.

v I ,APPLIOATIOI FILED APB. 13, 1908. 9 987,979.

Patented Mar. 28, 1911.

' 2 BHBBTHHBET l.

V..I.GRAY. ALTEBNATINQ OUR BENT MOT-OB AND CONTROLLING DEVICE THEREFOR.

APPLICATION FILED APR. 13, 1908.

Patented Mar. 28, 1911.

2 SHEEN-SHEET 2.

THE umzms PETERS ca., WASHINGTON, n. cy

UNITED STATES PATENT FFICE.

VANCE I. GRAY, OF TOLEDO, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE F. BISSELL COMPANY, OF TOLEDO, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

ALTERNATING-OURRENT MOTOR AND CONTROLLING DEVICE THEREFOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 28, 1911.

Application filed April 13, 19 38. Serial No. 426,810.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, VANCE I. GRAY, a citizen of the United States of Americz residing at Toledo, in the county of Lucas and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Alternating- Current Motors and Controlling Devices Therefor, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

It is the object of the invention to obtain a construction of alternating current motor and controlling means therefor which is especially adapted for use in the driving of light machinery, such for instance as sewing machines.

It is a further object to obtain a motor which is self-starting and which, together with its controllii'ig mechanism, may be confined within the limits of space available, this being practically that occupied by the ordinary hand wheel of the machine and the space beneath this wheel and above the stand.

lVith these objects in view, the invention consists in certain features of construction as hereinafter set forth.

In the drawingsFigure l is a diagrammatic elevation of the motor and its controlling mechanism; Fig. 2 is a diagram of the electric circuits.

The general principle underlying the construction of the motor is that a motor organized as for operation with a direct current, and provided with similar commutator and brushes, is also operable with an alternating current, if the frequency of the latter is not too great, and if the ohmic resistance in relation to the E. M. F. is reduced. Such a motor will operate satisfactorily with currents of no greater frequency than sixty cycles, and may be controlled in speed of operation bv a rheostat in the same manner as where used with a direct current.

Vith the present invention, a motor A of the type just described is employed and is preferably adapted to be mounted directly upon the shaft B of the sewing machine in place of the hand wheel, the stator C of the motor being centered by the rotor D thereof, and being also supported and held from rotation by spring pressed feet E resting upon the stand or other stationary part of the machine. The controlling mechanism for the motor is located in the space beneath the described is one adapted for either direct" current or alternating current motors, and with the former all of the resistances necessary for controlling the motor may be wound upon the spool H, the h at generated being dissipated by radiation from said spool and from the inclosing metallic frame. li here, however, the alternating current is used, it is difficult to arrange a sutlicient resistance in this location without the generation of heat greater than can be safely dissipated. The means employed for avoiding this difficulty forms one of the special features of the present invention and involves the use of a combined inductive and noninductive resistance constructed as follows: The stator of the motor is preferably of the bipolar type, having an annular core with one or more segments upon which the main wind ings I are placed. In addition to these windings, auxiliary windings are placed upon the core to form the inductive resistance for controlling the motor and these auxiliary windings are divided into sections arranged in pairs, J J, K K, L L, which are connected in parallel and are preferably upon opposite segments of the core. The arrangement is such that the bridge connections M M M between the members of each pair of segments are connected to the several contacts N N N of the rheostatic switch F, and by shifting the movable contact arm F of said switch said sections may be successively cut in or out of the motor circuit.

It will be observed that the bridge connections M M, etc. will short circuit each of the several sections of the resistance, but the members of each pair are so arranged as to balance each other, the inductive effect in one being opposed by that in the other,

which will preventdestruetive induced currents. Inasmuch, however, as the auxiliary windings are cut in and out without break in the motor circuit, there will be an interval in which the adjacent contacts N N of the switch F are cross connected by the movable cont-act member F, and this will form a short circuit of low resistance in which the inductive effects in the two members ot' the section are both in the same direction. The destructive induced current which would result from this condition is prevented by the placing of the resistance external to that upon the motor so that it will be included in in the short circuitjust referred to. This external resistance may be connected in yarious ways but, as shown, is arranged between each of the bridge connections Id M. etc, and the corresponding contacts N N of the switch. It is only necessary that these external resistances O 0, etc., should be sutlicient to diminish the volume of the induced current within sate limits, and sutlicient wire for this purpose may be readily placed around the periphery of the spool II 1 within the annular frame G.

Tith the construction described, the mo- .may be operated atany speed desired by tor merely shifting the switch 13, which will successively cut in or out the auxiliary windings and s each section is cut out will inelude a pair ot the external resistances O O Copies of this in the temporary short circuit formed by bridging between adjacent contacts N N.

What I claim as my invention is:

1. In an alternating current motor, the combination with main windings, of auxiliary windings in inductive relation thereto, and comprising pairs of coils in multiple series with said main windings, the members of said pairs being in inductive balance, bridge connections between said members of the pairs, a series of contact points, a con nection including a resistance between each contact point and the bridge connection between the members of each pair of ti e coils, and a movable contact cooperating with said contact points, for the purpose described.

In an alternating current motor, the combination with main windings, of auxiliary windings in inductive relation thereto, comprising pairs of coils in multiple se ries with said main windings, bridge connections between the members of each pair, and means for cutting out said auxiliary windings and for introducing resistance in the auxiliary winnings during the cutting out thereof.

In testimony whereof I a'liiX my signature in presence of two witnesses.

VANCE I. GRAY. lVitnesses L. A. ALEXANDER, Amos L. CONN.

patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C. 

